Rare Pulmonology News
Disease Profile
Cutis laxa, autosomal dominant
Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
<1 / 1 000 000
Age of onset
Infancy
ICD-10
Q82.8
Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Other names (AKA)
ADCL; Autosomal dominant cutis laxa
Categories
Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Digestive Diseases; Lung Diseases;
Summary
The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
Orpha Number: 90348
Definition
A rare connective tissue disorder characterized by wrinkled, redundant and sagging inelastic skin associated in some cases with internal organ involvement.
Epidemiology
The prevalence of ADCL is unknown but less than 50 cases have been reported in the literature so far.
Patients are usually diagnosed at birth or in early childhood due to the presence of excessive skin folds and loose, redundant skin. ADCL is considered to be a mild form of cutis laxa with limited systemic involvement although associated features may include hernias, cardiac valve anomalies (redundant mitral and tricuspid valves), cardiovascular manifestations (pulmonary stenosis and aortic and arterial dilatation and tortuosity), gastrointestinal diverticuli and emphysema.
ADCL is genetically heterogeneous: mutations in the elastin gene (ELN; 7q11.1-q21.1) have been reported in some cases, whereas mutations in the gene encoding fibulin-5 (FBLN5; 14q31) have been identified in others. Homozygous mutations in the FBLN5 are associated with the more severe form of CL with extensive systemic involvement, autosomal recessive CL type 1 (ARCL1; see this term).
Diagnosis is based on clinical examination, family history and pathognomonic histological findings (sparse, fragmented elastic fibers) on skin biopsies . Molecular testing may allow confirmation of the diagnosis.
The differential diagnosis may include other forms of CL (ARC1 and ARCL2, and X-linked CL) and related syndromes (gerodermia osteodysplastica, wrinkly skin syndrome and De Barsy syndrome), together with the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, Cantu syndrome and Costello syndrome (see these terms).
Genetic counseling should be provided to affected families and prenatal diagnosis may be feasible for families in which the disease-causing mutation has been identified.
Management and treatment
There is no specific treatment for cutis laxa. Management should include symptomatic treatment of any associated manifestations. ADCL is generally a mild cutaneous disease and internal organ involvement is rare.
Most patients have a good prognosis and life expectancy is usually normal.
Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.
Symptoms
This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.
| Medical Terms | Other Names |
Learn More:
HPO ID
|
|---|---|---|
| 80%-99% of people have these symptoms | ||
| Premature skin wrinkling | 0100678 | |
| Redundant skin |
Loose redundant skin
Redundant skin folds
Sagging, redundant skin
[ more ] |
0001582 |
| 30%-79% of people have these symptoms | ||
| Bowel diverticulosis | 0005222 | |
| Full cheeks |
Apple cheeks
Big cheeks
Increased size of cheeks
Large cheeks
[ more ] |
0000293 |
| Hypertelorism |
Wide-set eyes
Widely spaced eyes
[ more ] |
0000316 |
| Joint hyperflexibility |
Joints move beyond expected range of motion
|
0005692 |
| 5%-29% of people have these symptoms | ||
| Abnormal heart valve morphology | 0001654 | |
| Aortic aneurysm |
Bulge in wall of large artery that carries blood away from heart
|
0004942 |
| Emphysema | 0002097 | |
| Inguinal hernia | 0000023 | |
| Pulmonic stenosis |
Narrowing of pulmonic valve
|
0001642 |
| Umbilical hernia | 0001537 | |
| Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO | ||
| Abnormality of the face |
Abnormal face
Facial abnormality
[ more ] |
0000271 |
| Aortic regurgitation | 0001659 | |
| 0000006 | ||
| Mitral regurgitation | 0001653 | |
| Prematurely aged appearance |
Precociously senile appearance
|
0007495 |
| Progeroid facial appearance |
Premature aged appearance
|
0005328 |
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
Where to Start
- Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Cutis laxa, autosomal dominant. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.
In-Depth Information
- The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
- Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.