Rare Pulmonology News

Advertisement

Disease Profile

Kanzaki disease

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

<1 >

US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Adult

ageofonset-adult.svg

ICD-10

E77.1

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

no.svg

Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

rnn-autosomalrecessive.svg

X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

no.svg

X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

no.svg

Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

no.svg

Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

no.svg

Not applicable

no.svg

Other names (AKA)

Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency type 2; Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency adult onset; NAGA deficiency type 2;

Categories

Blood Diseases; Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Metabolic disorders;

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 79280

Definition
A very rare mild adult type of NAGA deficiency with the features of angiokeratoma corporis diffusum and mild sensory neuropathy.

Epidemiology
Prevalence of this disorder is not known but less than 20 cases have been reported to date for NAGA deficiency.

Clinical description
This disorder is clinically heterogeneous. Some patients have been reported to have, in addition to angiokeratoma, mild intellectual impairment, but no neurologic signs. Another patient had lymphedema, cardiomegaly, corneal opacity and slight facial coarsening including thick lips, a depressed nasal bridge and an enlarged tip of the nose. Other facultative features consist of tinnitus, hearing loss and vertigo (Meniere disease) (see this term). Pathological characteristics are comprised of vacuolization seen in the blood and dermal cells including the endothelial cells of blood and lymphatic vessels, pericytes, fibrocytes, fat cells, Schwann cells, axons, arrector pili smooth muscle cells, and eccrine sweat gland cells. Vacuolization is most prominent in vascular endothelial cells and the secretory portion of sweat glands.

Etiology
Different causal homozygous mutations of the NAGA gene (22q13.2) have been described in the reported patients. These mutations lead to the dysfunction, instability and rapid degradation of the lysosomal protein, NAGA. Lack of this enzyme activity leads to impaired catabolism and accumulation of undegraded glycoconjugates in the tertiary lysosomes.

Genetic counseling
Transmission is autosomal recessive and genetic counseling is possible.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum
0001071
Hyperkeratosis
0000962
Intellectual disability, mild
Mental retardation, borderline-mild
Mild and nonprogressive mental retardation
Mild mental retardation

[ more ]

0001256
Lip telangiectasia
0000214
Papule
0200034
Subcutaneous nodule
Firm lump under the skin
Growth of abnormal tissue under the skin

[ more ]

0001482
Telangiectasia of the oral mucosa
Spider veins of the oral mucosa
0007428
Telangiectasia of the skin
0100585
Vertigo
Dizzy spell
0002321
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Cardiomegaly
Enlarged heart
Increased heart size

[ more ]

0001640
Coarse facial features
Coarse facial appearance
0000280
Depressed nasal bridge
Depressed bridge of nose
Flat bridge of nose
Flat nasal bridge
Flat, nasal bridge
Flattened nasal bridge
Low nasal bridge
Low nasal root

[ more ]

0005280
Hearing impairment
Deafness
Hearing defect

[ more ]

0000365
Lymphedema
Swelling caused by excess lymph fluid under skin
0001004
Opacification of the corneal stroma
0007759
Peripheral neuropathy
0009830
Thick vermilion border
Full lips
Increased volume of lip
Plump lips
Prominent lips
Thick lips

[ more ]

0012471
Tinnitus
Ringing in ears
Ringing in the ears

[ more ]

0000360
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormality of the eye
Abnormal eye
0000478
Adult onset
Symptoms begin in adulthood
0003581
Aminoaciduria
High urine amino acid levels
Increased levels of animo acids in urine

[ more ]

0003355
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Axonal degeneration
0040078
Cerebral atrophy
Degeneration of cerebrum
0002059
Cognitive impairment
Abnormality of cognition
Cognitive abnormality
Cognitive defects
Cognitive deficits
Intellectual impairment
Mental impairment

[ more ]

0100543
Distal muscle weakness
Weakness of outermost muscles
0002460
Distal sensory impairment
Decreased sensation in extremities
0002936
Distal sensory impairment of all modalities
0003409
Dry skin
0000958
Increased urinary O-linked sialopeptides
0003461
Peripheral axonal neuropathy
0003477
Sensorineural hearing impairment
0000407
Thick lower lip vermilion
Increased volume of lower lip
Plump lower lip
Prominent lower lip

[ more ]

0000179
White mater abnormalities in the posterior periventricular region
0006812

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Kanzaki disease. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.